On the Episcopal calendar, Nicolaus Copernicus and Johannes Kepler are honored today. Copernicus (1473-1543), whose birth name was Mikołaj Kopernik, was of course the astronomer and mathematician who introduced a heliocentric model of the universe, in his book De revolutionibus orbium coelestium (On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres).
Johannes Kepler (1571-1630) was a German astronomer and mathematician who developed the laws of planetary motion which, in turn, set the bases for Newton's gravitational theories. His work in optics and his improvements of the telescope were acknowledged by Galileo.
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