Sunday, July 17, 2016

For All the Saints: Ecumenical Fathers; Righteous Gentiles

On the Orthodox calendar, the Sunday that falls between July 13-19 is the Sunday of the Holy Fathers of the Seven Ecumenical Councils. The Orthodox Saints site has this:

"In the Russian usage, only the first six Ecumenical Councils are commemorated today.
The Seven Ecumenical Councils are:
At Nicea, 325. Condemned the doctrine of Arius, who denied that the Son is of one essence with the Father. Composed the Creed.
At Constantinople, 381. Condemned the doctrine of Macedonius, Patriarch of Constantinople, who denied the divinity of the Holy Spirit. Edited the Creed to its present form.
At Ephesus, 431. Condemned the doctrine of Nestorius, Patriarch of Constantinople, who denied that Jesus Christ is fully God.
At Chalcedon, 451. Condemned the teaching of Eutyches, that after the Incarnation there was only one nature, the divine, in Jesus Christ.
At Constantinople, 535. Condemned the teaching of Origen and of Theodore of Mopsuestia.
At Constantinople, 680. Condemned the Monothelite heresy, that in Jesus Christ there is only one will, the divine.
At Nicea, 787. Condemned Iconoclasm and upheld the holy icons.
Each of these Councils also put forth various canons and made other decisions."

I missed the special day yesterday: on the Episcopal calendar, July 16 is the day that honors Righteous Among the Nations (חסידי אומות העולם‎‎, khassidey umot ha-olam "righteous of the world's nations"). In the State of Israel, the phrase describes Gentiles who risked their own lives to save Jews during the Holocaust. http://www.yadvashem.org/yv/en/righteous/statistics.asp#!prettyPhoto

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